卡尼在欧洲议会被捧成明星 他讲了什么
周四，加拿大总理卡尼在欧洲议会(European Parliament)发表讲话。此前，欧盟领导人提出让加拿大以准成员身份加入欧盟。
在法国斯特拉斯堡发表的演讲中，卡尼谈到欧洲与加拿大之间的历史纽带，并强调此举将增强而非损害加拿大主权。
美国总统唐纳德·川普周三批评了这一举动，并称这一成员身份可能被视为“敌对行为”。
卡尼在演讲中驳斥了川普的说法，并表示接受这一提议并非意在组建一个“大国对手”。
梅措拉主席(President Metsola)、冯德莱恩主席(President von der Leyen)、尊敬的欧洲议会议员们、各位同仁。
谢谢你们给予我这份荣幸，让我在这场决定性会议开始之际向各位发表讲话。
今天，我想与各位谈谈，我们应对当前地缘政治裂痕的方式应当如何纳入一个新的维度。
但在此之前，我想先谈一些更久远的事情。
那是远早于欧盟与加拿大关系的事情。
因为我们之间纽带的深度，那些将我们联结在一起的纽带，无法仅用贸易或条约文本来衡量。
我们的纽带深植于我们的土地之中。
在德国中部、魏玛上方，有一道林木茂密的山脊，名叫埃特斯贝格(Ettersberg)。几十年来，歌德曾在那里散步、思考、写作。
山脊上的一棵橡树以他的名字命名，成为欧洲文化最高理想的活纪念碑。
随着20世纪陷入黑暗，那棵橡树被困在了布痕瓦尔德(Buchenwald)的铁丝网后，默默见证了人类最深刻的道德失败。
歌德明白，理想必须为之奋斗，价值观不会自我捍卫。事实上，在《浮士德》(Faust)的结尾，这位老人的最终愿景就是自由土地上自由的人民。
Nur der verdient sich Freiheit wie das Leben, der täglich sie erobern muß.
“自由与生活必须每一天都去争取。”
每一天。不是在1945年、1956年或1989年才争取一次。每一天，包括今天。
自由之所以赢得，归功于战争期间欧洲抵抗运动的英勇。
战后，欧洲煤钢共同体的创始者们培育了它。
欧洲共同体的建立促进了它。
欧盟的成立维护了它。
柏林墙倒塌后，它通过扩大而成长。
歌德橡树所体现的价值观之所以能够延续，部分原因在于，在它枝干下蓬勃生长的理想横渡了大西洋(Atlantic)。
1917年，在维米岭战役(Battle of Vimy Ridge)的废墟中，一位名叫莱斯利·米勒(Leslie Miller)的年轻加拿大中尉从满目疮痍的欧洲土地上拾起了一把橡果。他把它们带回家，种在加拿大安大略省米利肯(Milliken)的土地上，它们在那里长成了一片壮丽的森林。
一个世纪后，一个深刻的重生循环得以完成。从莱斯利·米勒的加拿大橡树上取下的嫁接枝被送回法国，重新种植在它们诞生的同一条维米山脊上。
这就是加拿大—欧盟伙伴关系的本质。种子、价值观、思想、贸易、人员和进步，几个世纪以来在大西洋两岸往返流动。
我们不是只能同享乐的盟友。我们不追求零和交易。我们对法治的承诺，以及对人的尊严、个人自由和民主的坚定捍卫，拥有同样深厚的根基和同样毫不动摇的执着。
我们持有共同价值观，我们一直为之奋斗，也必须永远保持警惕来捍卫它们。
我们相信，强劲的经济本身不是目的，而是实现公正社会的手段。我们是我们自然遗产的坚定守护者。我们相信，繁荣在共享中增长。
这是一种出于选择而非巧合的共享。
歌德在写作中借用了他那个时代化学家的一个词：Wahlverwandtschaften。即不同元素因其内在吸引力而结合的“选择性亲和”。
加拿大与欧洲并非因地理而联结，尽管我们的丹麦朋友知道，我们在北极确实共享一条三千公里的边界。我们因一种亲和力而联结——这种亲和是选择性的、自主选择的、不断更新的，并因此更加牢固。
今天，我们的社会正受到新风暴的冲击：气候变化引发的剧变、民主规范的侵蚀、贸易的武器化。
我们曾经依赖的多边机构已被削弱。
主权与开放如今难以调和。经济一体化正被武器化，关税正被用作施压手段。金融机制正被用于胁迫目的。供应链已成为可被利用的薄弱环节。
技术正在改变战争的性质、经济结构以及国家治理能力。
技术平台日益试图充当主权权力。它们想要支配监管规则——甚至规避规则。它们想要控制我们的数据、传播错误信息，并偷走我们孩子的童年。
这些因素叠加成一场凶猛的风暴。一棵孤树会在风暴中倒下。一片森林不会。
那是因为在森林地面之下，橡树的根与邻近树木的根交织在一起，交换养分，以强增强，形成有韧性、自我维持的生态系统。
加拿大与欧盟一道，可以稳固我们的土地以坚守价值观，同时形成一片保护性的树冠，让我们的公民在其下繁荣发展。
这关乎主权。关乎我们按自己的意愿生活的能力。关乎我们必须每天为之奋斗的自由。
主权需要韧性——抵御冲击的能力。
今天的主权不仅仅是能够养活自己、保障能源和进行自卫。如今，它还要求对人工智能(AI)、半导体、关键矿产、支付系统、清洁能源技术、疫苗和天基通信的安全获取。
在这些战略能力上，我们都有重大缺口，而且我们各自都必须依赖个别国家或公司来填补这些缺口。这带来了脆弱性，尤其是当所谓的“全球”公司在紧要关头暴露出国家属性时。
单靠一国无法弥合这些缺口，但通过集体努力是完全可行的。
加拿大和欧洲各自都很强大。欧洲和加拿大联合起来会更强大。
我们继承的制度是按地理组织的。我们需要的战略能力是按功能组织的。如果我们足够大胆、深思熟虑，就可以按功能结盟。
我们不应被想象中任务的规模吓倒。
正如支配是霸权者的傲慢，完美是良好之敌。经济学原理很清楚：在剥削关系中，强者的杠杆远在完全独立实现之前就会崩溃。因为多样性带来优势。
目标不是自给自足。而是集体韧性。
正是这种互利优势，构成了加拿大与欧洲深化伙伴关系主张的核心。
欧洲带来了很多东西：市场力量、研究深度、先进制造业、制定世界经常采纳标准的能力，以及正在快速重建的国防工业基础。
加拿大带来的则包括：规模巨大且涵盖转型所需各种形式的能源;全球最丰富的关键矿产资源之一;在太空、人工智能和量子领域的深厚能力;全球最强大的银行体系之一，以及最专业的养老金资本;独特的北极地理条件，以及同时通达大西洋和太平洋网络的优越通道。
我们的优势存在差异时，它们互补;存在重叠时，它们形成规模。我们应当有意识地、系统性地、迅速地建立在彼此优势之上。
我们已经开始——我应当感谢本届议会——我们已经从《加拿大—欧盟全面经济贸易协定》(CETA)开始，这是世界上最成功的贸易协定之一。我也感谢冯德莱恩主席和科斯塔主席(President Costa)在去年六月达成的战略伙伴关系协定。我们正在推进并深化这一协定。我们还在利用加拿大作为SAFE第一个非欧洲成员的角色。
我们应当认识到，我们已经建立的生态系统尚不足以应对气候变化之猛烈，其推进速度也不足以匹配剧变的速度。
昨天，冯德莱恩主席谈到超越CETA，走向一个面向未来的联盟——为加拿大成为欧盟第一个准成员打开大门。加拿大欢迎这一雄心。而且我应该告诉各位，民调显示绝大多数加拿大人支持与欧洲建立更紧密的关系。
面向未来的联盟是一种独特而积极的路径，我们将基于共同优势和共同价值观共同定义它。
因此，让我直截了当地说明加拿大的提议。
加拿大和欧洲应当通过在全面战略能力上的深度合作来确保我们的战略自主，包括关键矿产、国防工业能力、人工智能与算力、能源安全、太空和支付。
我们应当推动非农产品和广泛服务领域实现无缝数字贸易。
我们应当深化民间联系，让我们的年轻人可以在大西洋两岸自由地生活、工作和学习。
加拿大加入伊拉斯谟+(Erasmus+)计划可以让你们的学生和我们的学生有更多机会在世界顶尖大学学习，拓宽视野，并建立持久纽带，支撑我们面向未来的联盟。
加拿大加入下一代“地平线”(Horizon)计划，将使我们能够汇集资源、在前沿技术领域合作，并利用我们世界一流的研究机构和大学。
昨天，冯德莱恩主席宣布了一项“欧洲关键原材料公司”新计划，以获取和储备电动汽车、芯片与电池、清洁技术和国防所需的材料。加拿大拥有超过34种关键矿产的储量，并且在世界能源转型最关键的10种矿产中位居主要生产国之列。我们的联盟可以帮助满足欧洲对可靠供应的需求，以及加拿大对先进加工能力的需求，从而在转型和国防领域构建完整价值链。
加拿大可以大规模提供液化天然气(LNG)和氢能，以支持欧洲的能源安全，包括通过开发和利用我们高北地区(High North)和东海岸(East Coast)的新港口基础设施。反过来，加拿大也可以受益于欧洲在众多清洁能源技术领域的领先地位。
我们可以汇集新的主权算力，并通过我们共同的地理位置，在欧洲与亚洲(Asia)之间建设更安全的宽带连接。
加拿大和欧洲可以联手制定人工智能安全协议，协调共同标准，加强透明度，同时开发应用，使我们的政府和企业能够更好地服务公民。
加拿大和欧洲还应考虑探索金融服务一体化市场，以扩大公民选择、降低成本，改善企业获得资本的渠道，同时保持我们世界领先的金融韧性。
面向未来的联盟所能创造的机会，最根本的是我们共同价值观、兼容制度和互补优势的产物。
深化和拓宽我们的关系将加强我们的主权，改善公民的负担能力、机会和安全，同时保障我们按自己选择的方式生活的能力。
我想准确说明我没有提议什么。我并不是要提议组建一个第三集团，以便成为一个大国对手——只是举止更文明而已。
我们不寻求支配他人的权力。相反，我们追求韧性，是为了没有人能够控制我们的开放市场、损害我们的主权、威胁我们的领土完整，或破坏我们的自由、民主和法治。
正是这些动机，这些根本动机，加上我们潜在的硬实力，意味着我们可以帮助创造下一个公正、稳定和繁荣的世界秩序。
加拿大—欧盟联盟将为其他民主国家树立一座灯塔。
一个不是由我们反对什么来界定，而是由我们支持什么来界定的联盟：自由、团结、繁荣、可持续。一个能建立韧性的联盟，因为韧性让我们能够为公民做事，也让公民能够为自己做事。
一个足够强大的联盟，使无人能够支配我们的选择。一个足够开放的联盟，使其他国家可以加入。一个足够有原则的联盟，使我们的力量强化国际法，而不是试图取代国际法。
最后，在加拿大，人们常说加拿大是在维米岭战役中成为一个国家的。当然，数千名未能从那次战役归来的加拿大将士，为远比自身更宏大的事业献出了生命。
而一位归来的人，先停下来拾起了一些橡果。
今天，同样的维米橡树生长在加拿大和法国，生动证明我们共同培育的事物能够挺过最黑暗的冬天，再次繁荣。
因此，让我们现在加深这些根基，扩展这片树冠，培育一片跨大西洋森林，让我们的公民作为自由土地上自由的人民在其下繁盛。
每一天。
谢谢。
英文原文
President Metsola, President von der Leyen, honourable members of the European Parliament, distinguished colleagues.
Thank you for granting me the honour of addressing you all at the beginning of this decisive session.
Today, I will speak to you about how our response to the current geopolitical rupture should incorporate a new dimension.
But before that, I’d like to speak about something older.
Something that dates back to long before the relationship between the European Union and Canada.
Because the depth of our bonds, those which unite us cannot be measured by trade or what is written in treaties alone.
Our bonds are deeply rooted in our lands.
In the heart of Germany, above Weimar, there is a wooded ridge called Ettersberg. For decades, Goethe walked, thought, and wrote there.
An oak on that ridge came to bear his name, a living monument to the highest ideals of European culture.
As the 20th century turned dark, that same oak became trapped behind the barbed wire of Buchenwald, a silent witness to humanity’s deepest moral failure.
Goethe understood that ideals must be fought for, that values do not defend themselves. Indeed, at the end of Faust, the old man’s last vision is of a free people on free ground.
Nur der verdient sich Freiheit wie das Leben, der täglich sie erobern muß.
“Freedom and life must be earned every single day.”
Every day. Not once in 1945. or 1956. or 1989. Every day, including this one.
Freedom was won thanks to the heroism of the European resistance during the war.
It was nurtured by the founders of the European Coal and Steel Community in the aftermath of the war.
It was fostered by the creation of the European Community.
And it grew through its expansion following the fall of the Berlin Wall.
The values embodied by the Goethe oak have also endured, in part, because the ideals that flourished beneath its branches crossed the Atlantic.
In 1917. amidst the devastation of the Battle of Vimy Ridge, a young Canadian Lieutenant named Leslie Miller gathered a handful of acorns from the shattered European landscape. He carried them home and planted them in Canadian soil in Milliken, Ontario, where they grew into a majestic forest.
A century later, a profound circle of renewal was completed. Grafts from Leslie Miller’s Canadian oaks were repatriated to France and replanted on the same Vimy ridge where they had been born.
This is the essence of the Canada-European Union partnership. Seeds, values, ideas, trade, people, and progress carried back and forth across the Atlantic for centuries.
We are not fair-weather allies. We do not pursue zero-sum deals. Our commitment to the rule of law, and our unyielding defence of human dignity, individual freedom, and democracy share the same deep roots, the same unwavering dedication.
We hold common values, for which we have always fought, and in whose defence we must always remain vigilant.
We believe that a strong economy is not an end in itself, but the means to a just society. We are committed stewards of our natural heritage. We believe that our prosperity grows when it is shared.
This is a sharing of choice, not coincidence.
In his writings, Goethe borrowed a word from the chemists of his day: Wahlverwandtschaften. The elective affinity of different elements that combine because of their inherent attraction.
Canada and Europe are not bound by geography, even though our Danish friends know that we do share a 3.000 kilometre border in the Arctic. We are bound by an affinity – elective, chosen, and renewed, and stronger for being so.
Today, our societies are being shaken by new storms: the upheaval caused by climate change, the erosion of democratic norms, the weaponization of trade.
The multilateral institutions on which we relied have been weakened.
Sovereignty and openness are now difficult to reconcile. Economic integration is now being weaponized, and tariffs are being used as a means of pressure. Financial mechanisms are being used for coercive purposes. Supply chains have become vulnerabilities to exploit.
Technology is transforming the nature of warfare, the structure of economies, and the ability of states to govern.
Technology platforms increasingly seek to act as sovereign powers. They want to dictate the rules of regulation – and even circumvent them. They want to control our data, spread misinformation, and steal our children’s childhoods.
This combination is a ferocious storm. A single tree will come down in it. A forest will not.
That’s because beneath the forest floor, the roots of an oak intertwine with those of its neighbours, exchanging nutrients, adding strength to strength, creating a resilient, self-sustaining ecosystem.
Together, Canada and the European Union can anchor our ground to hold our values while forming a protective canopy under which our citizens can thrive.
This is about sovereignty. Our ability to live as we wish. It is about the freedoms we must fight for, every day.
Sovereignty requires resilience – the ability to withstand shocks.
Sovereignty today goes beyond being able to feed, fuel, and defend ourselves. It now requires secure access to AI, semiconductors, critical minerals, payment systems, clean energy technologies, vaccines, and space-based communications.
We all have important gaps in these strategic capabilities, and we each must rely on individual nations or companies to fill them. This creates vulnerabilities, particularly when supposedly “global” companies prove national in the breach.
Closing these gaps is not possible alone, but it is very achievable collectively.
Canada and Europe are each strong. Europe and Canada are stronger together.
The institutions we have inherited are organized by geography. The strategic capabilities we need are organized by function. We can ally by function, if we are bold and deliberate.
We should not be cowed by the perceived scale of the task.
Just as dominance is the arrogance of the hegemon, perfection is the enemy of the good. The economics are clear: the leverage of the powerful in an exploitive relationship collapses well before complete independence is achieved. Because diversity confers advantage.
The objective is not self-sufficiency. It is collective resilience.
It’s this mutual advantage that is at the core of the case for a deeper partnership between Canada and Europe.
Europe brings so many things. Market power. Research depth. Advanced manufacturing. The ability to set standards that the world frequently adopts. A defence industrial base being rebuilt at speed.
Canada brings energy at huge scale and in every form the transition requires. One of the world’s largest endowments of critical minerals. Deep capabilities in space, AI and quantum. Amongst the strongest banking systems in the world, and the most expert pension capital. Unique Arctic geography, and privileged access to both Atlantic and Pacific networks.
Where our strengths differ, they complement. Where they overlap, they create scale. We should build on each other’s strengths – deliberately, systematically, and rapidly.
We have already begun - and I should thank this parliament - we have already begun with the Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), one of the world’s most successful trade agreements. And I thank President von der Leyen and President Costa for our Strategic Partnership Agreement struck last June. We’re developing that and deepening it. We’re also taking advantage of Canada’s role as the first non-European member of SAFE.
But we should recognize the ecosystem we have built is not yet equal to the ferocity of the changing climate. Nor is it moving fast enough to match the speed of the upheaval.
Yesterday, President von der Leyen spoke of moving beyond CETA to an alliance for the future – opening the door to Canada becoming the European Union’s first associate member. Canada welcomes this ambition. And I should tell you polling shows an overwhelming majority of Canadians support much closer ties with Europe.
An alliance for the future is a unique, positive approach that we will define together, building on our common strengths and based on shared values.
So let me say plainly what Canada proposes.
Canada and Europe should secure our strategic autonomy through deep co-operation in the full range of strategic capabilities, including critical minerals, defence industrial capacity, AI and compute, energy security, space, and payments.
We should move toward seamless, digital trade in non-agricultural goods and a wide range of services.
We should deepen our people-to-people ties, allowing our youth to live, work and study where they want on either side of the Atlantic.
Canadian membership of Erasmus+ can give your students, and ours, more opportunity to learn at some of the world’s top universities, to broaden their horizons, and to build lasting ties that will sustain our alliance for the future.
Canadian membership of the next generation of Horizon would allow us to pool resources, co-operate on frontier technologies, and leverage our world-class research institutes and universities.
Yesterday, President von der Leyen announced a “new European Corporation on Critical Raw Materials” to obtain and stockpile the material needed for electric cars, chips and batteries, clean technology, and defence. Canada has deposits of over 34 critical minerals, and we are among the top producers of the 10 most essential for the world’s energy transition. Our alliance can help fill Europe’s need for reliable supply, Canada’s need for advanced processing capabilities, to build complete value chains in the transition and our defence.
Canada can contribute LNG and hydrogen at large scale to support Europe’s energy security including by developing and leveraging new port infrastructure In our High North and on our East Coast. And Canada, in turn, can benefit from your leadership in many clean energy technologies.
We can pool new sovereign compute capacity and build more secure broadband connections between Europe and Asia via our common geography.
Canada and Europe can join forces to develop AI safety protocols, co-ordinate common standards, and strengthen transparency, all while developing applications so our governments and companies can serve our citizens better.
Canada and Europe should also consider exploring an integrated market for financial services to broaden choice and reduce costs for our citizens, improve access to capital for our companies while maintaining our world-leading financial resilience.
The opportunities that can be created by an alliance for the future are, most fundamentally, the product of our common values, our compatible systems, and our complementary strengths.
Deepening and widening our relationship will strengthen our sovereignty, improve affordability, opportunity, and security for our citizens, while safeguarding our ability to live our lives as we choose.
I want to be precise about what I am not proposing. I am not proposing a third bloc in order to become a great-power rival – only with better manners.
We do not seek power to dominate others. On the contrary, We are pursuing resilience so no one can control our open markets, impair our sovereignty, threaten our territorial integrity, or undermine our freedoms, our democracies, our rule of law.
It’s these motivations, these fundamental motivations, combined with our latent hard power, mean we can help to create the next just, stable, and prosperous world order.
A Canada-EU alliance would create a beacon for other democracies.
An alliance not defined by what we oppose, but about what we are for: freedom, solidarity, prosperity, sustainability. An alliance that builds resilience for what it allows us to do for our citizens, and our citizens to do for themselves.
An alliance strong enough so that no one can dictate our choices. An alliance open enough that others can join. An alliance principled enough that our strength reinforces international law rather than seeks to replace it.
To conclude, in my country, it is often said that Canada became a nation during the Battle of Vimy Ridge. Certainly, the thousands of Canadians who did not return from that battle sacrificed their lives for something much bigger than themselves.
One who did come home stopped first to pick up some acorns.
Today, the same Vimy oaks grow in Canada and in France, living proof that what we cultivate together can survive the darkest winter to thrive again.
So, let us now deepen these roots, widen this canopy, and grow a transatlantic forest under which our citizens can flourish as free people on free ground.
Every single day.
Thank you.
